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简单工厂模式 ​

简单工厂也称静态工厂，不属于 23 种经典设计模式。简单工厂是设计模式中最容易理解的一种设计模式了。

我们先展示简单工厂的具体实现代码：

php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 手机接口
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 16:15:38
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

interface Phone
{
    public function show(): void;
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 苹果手机 - 继承手机接口
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 16:16:31
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

include_once __DIR__ . '/Phone.php';

class Apple implements Phone
{
    public function show(): void
    {
        echo "我是苹果手机\n";
    }
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 华为手机 - 继承手机接口
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 16:16:31
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

include_once __DIR__ . '/Phone.php';

class Huawei implements Phone
{
    public function show(): void
    {
        echo "我是华为手机\n";
    }
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 简单工厂类
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 16:15:02
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

include __DIR__ . '/Apple.php';
include __DIR__ . '/Huawei.php';

class SimpleFactory
{
    public static function createProduct(string $type): Phone
    {
        return match ($type) {
            'apple' => new Apple(),
            'huawei' => new Huawei(),
            default => null,
        };
    }
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 设计模式 [简单工厂模式]
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 14:07:01
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

include __DIR__ . '/SimpleFactory.php';

/**
 * 创建1个产品对象
 *  - 需要注意的是，php实例化类的时候，需要先加载类
 *  - 如果把实例化放在类前面就报错
 */
$product = SimpleFactory::createProduct('huawei');
$product->show();
$product = SimpleFactory::createProduct('apple');
$product->show();

代码就实现了创建对象的工作：根据我们传入的自定义标识符（apple、huawei），来返回对应类型的 Product 对象。

上面引入了 Phone 接口类，用于规定不同产品类型必须申明的方法

短信模块 ​

场景：公司同时使用了阿里云、腾讯云、百度云 3 家的短信服务商，需要在不同场景下使用不同的短信服务商

php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 短信服务商接口
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 16:58:28
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace sms;

interface Message
{
    public function send(string $msg): void;
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 阿里云短信服务
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 17:00:20
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace sms;

include_once __DIR__ . '/Message.php';

class Ali implements Message
{
    public function send(string $msg): void
    {
        echo "阿里云短信验证码：$msg\n";
    }
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 百度云短信服务
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 17:00:20
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace sms;

include_once __DIR__ . '/Message.php';

class Baidu implements Message
{
    public function send(string $msg): void
    {
        echo "百度云短信验证码：$msg\n";
    }
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 腾讯云短信服务
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 17:00:20
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace sms;

include_once __DIR__ . '/Message.php';

class Tx implements Message
{
    public function send(string $msg): void
    {
        echo "腾讯云短信验证码：$msg\n";
    }
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 短信服务器商工厂类
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 17:03:07
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace sms;

include __DIR__ . '/Ali.php';
include __DIR__ . '/Tx.php';
include __DIR__ . '/Baidu.php';

class MessageFactory
{
    public static function createFactory($type): Baidu|Ali|Tx|null
    {
        return match ($type) {
            'ali' => new Ali(),
            'baidu' => new Baidu(),
            'tx' => new Tx(),
            default => null,
        };
    }
}
php
<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | 设计模式 [简单工厂模式]
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2023-2024 linjialiang All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: linjialiang <linjialiang@163.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | CreateTime: 2023-09-12 14:07:01
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
declare(strict_types=1);

include __DIR__ . '/MessageFactory.php';

use sms\MessageFactory;

/**
 * 创建1个产品对象
 *  - 需要注意的是，php实例化类的时候，需要先加载类
 *  - 如果把实例化放在类前面就报错
 */
$sms = MessageFactory::createFactory('ali');
$sms->send('[123456]');
$sms = MessageFactory::createFactory('baidu');
$sms->send('[123456]');
$sms = MessageFactory::createFactory('tx');
$sms->send('[123456]');

创建工厂方法一定要使用 static 吗？

答：需要常驻的全部 static，如果是按需实例化的就 new 对象，完了再使用 -> 去调用方法

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